Week2Lecture


 * CCT 205**
 * Week 2 Lecture**
 * The Network Society and**
 * Work in the New Economy**
 * ICTs & Social Transformation**

• Popular view of technology as force for societal transformation (Toffler, 1980) • Technological innovation seen as driver of transformation of core economic/social structures characteristic of capitalist societies for past 2 centuries • Claim that ICTs are forging new modes of production and shifting economy from industrial to post-industrial model.


 * Old versus New Economy
 * __**Industrial**__ || **__Post Industrial__** ||
 * – Technology || – Technology ||
 * – Products || – Products ||
 * – Leading industries || – Leading industries ||
 * – Labour market || – Labour market ||
 * – Nature of work || – Nature of work ||
 * – Nature of work || – Nature of work ||


 * Changing Technology /Changing Workplaces
 * **__Industrial__** || **__Post Industrial__** ||
 * – Machines amplified/ replaced physical labour & increased material production power || – Computer/digital technology amplifies mental labour ||
 * – Mass production of goods & transportation of goods || – Expansion of information, information networks & data banks ||
 * – Factory is production centre || – Global work environments,flexible work arrangments, ||
 * – High mass consumption, manufacturing, motorization || – High mass knowledge creation ||
 * – High mass consumption, manufacturing, motorization || – High mass knowledge creation ||

Taylorism and Scientific Management (Robins & Webster, 1999)** • Application of engineering principles to the industrial system of production • Time and motion studies to ensure efficiency • Standardization • Factory work to be planned, coordinated, & controlled under expert direction. – Information centralized/controlled in planning departments = potential for surveillance + controlling production process -- Old economy structure around Taylorism -- Standardization= everything plan, control by expertise guidance, done the same way -- Being of surveillance – collect information to do things

-- Skills being upgraded—lifelong learning -- In person services include sales, health workers, daycare workers -- Symbolic and Analytic services involve the manipulation of data. Jobs include layers, writers, art directing
 * Changing Labour Market**
 * __Industrial__ || __Post Industrial__ ||
 * – Jobs available || – Work available ||
 * – Job security || – Work security ||
 * – Grade 12 || – Lifelong learning ||
 * – Standard employment || – Contract, consulting ||
 * – Wages/salaries || – Performance pay ||
 * – Routine production services || – Routine production services ||
 * – In-person services || – In person services ||
 * || – Symbolic analytic services ||

• An informational economy • Global economy • Network enterprise • Transformation of work: flexi-workers • Social polarization/social exclusion • Timeless time • Space of flows -- Paints picture of network society -- From standardize to consulting, contracting work --Time & space shifted – impact way we do work
 * The Network Society**
 * Castells (1997)**

• Productivity is derived from the application of knowledge • Networking: capacity to assemble information and distribute it in a flexible, adaptable way aided by IT • Highly skilled, mobile labour key resource for any company – Generic versus self programmable labour -- Two kinds of work: -- 1. //Generic//: work you just execute (just do it), don’t think of it -- 2. //Self-programmable labour//: employees can re-program
 * The New Economy**
 * (Castells, 2001)**
 * adapt and provide input
 * adapt to the environment
 * re-tool yourself through your whole life

• Ability to create new products & processes • Culture of shared information • Organizational learning • Territorial concentrations of innovation and production – Silicon Valley -- Organizations make change to adapt to society
 * Innovation**
 * (Castells, 2001)**

• Industrial economy = mass production, mass consumption economy • Traditional mass manufacturing factories put out identical objects by the millions • New economy=demassified production short runs; customized products • Information & media services=segmented, individualized -- Mass production, mass consumption -- Mass media -> for all of us at the time -- Now: De-massification
 * De-massification**
 * walk away from mass consumption and mass culture
 * products customize and have short runs
 * media is narrowcasted & segmentation of audience

• Niche-fixated, small-audience specialty channels • TiVo – digital recorders that search t.v. schedules & save only programs suiting user’s taste • Music downloading & iPods with individual play lists • Blogs & subscriptions to Web services aligned with own beliefs & biases • Possible that TiVo data on what viewers watch can be used by advertisers to hyper-target advertising to individuals -- Segmentation of interest & media is catering to it -- Hyper-target segments -- Past: shared information -- Now: //Egocasting--// people watch program that fit their interest
 * Media Implications:Narrowcasting**
 * people view similar TV program
 * I
 * My interest, My needs
 * Not exposed to other opinions

• C. Rosen, The New Atlantis (2006):
 * Egocasting?**

-- Additional notes taken during lecture

__**Key Concepts**__ 1. Taloyrism 2. Narrowcasting